Creation of U.S. Customs and Border Protection

CBP is the agency every U.S. importer deals with, and its creation put trade enforcement and border security under one roof. Before 2003, customs, immigration and agricultural inspections at ports were run by separate agencies in the Treasury, Justice and Agriculture departments. Customs investigations went to the new Immigration and Customs Enforcement. CBP now collects duties, runs the Automated Commercial Environment, manages C-TPAT and enforces laws such as the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act. For brands, its security mission explains why data quality, admissibility and forced labor checks can matter as much as tariff rates.

• Automated Commercial EnvironmentACECBP's electronic system for imports
• Customs BrokerLicensed filer of US customs entries
• Entry SummaryCBP Form 7501Customs filing that declares duties owed

• Establishment of the U.S. Customs Service1789 · Congress sets up 59 districts to collect import duties
• September 11 Attacks and Supply Chain Security2001 · Border closures halt parts and cargo security tightens

1. March 1, 2003 (U.S. Customs and Border Protection history timeline) cbp.gov
2. U.S. Customs and Border Protection (Wikipedia) en.wikipedia.org